What resistance did you get from the generating coil ?
Here's what we know:
Only happens when the mpem is waking up. IE: powering up itself and all its peripherals.
The diode is fine since it doesn't pop when the battery is installed.
Start stop switch tested good
DESS post tested good
Battery also tested good.
MPEM bench check also confirms diode is good.
CAN the wire going to the generating coil cause the fuse to blow if it was shorted to ground?
I'm going to say no. Only because, all the mpem does is connect this wire to the coil via a transistor. or disconnects it when you want to turn it off. No real voltage on this line. The mpem would want to be seperated from this signal.
For the hell of it lets try removing that wire just to prove it.
What hapen's when you unplug that red/blk wire from the engine plug and only connect the black wire? Also, just unplug the regulator/rectifier just to be sure nothing is going on with that.
Does it still pop the fuse when you hit the power button or not?
If not we can move on from the stator and assume its not that.
On the output side of the mpem is:
Oil/fuel gauge and
Speedometer.
That's it.
So before continuing can you please disconnect the wires going to the fuel tank.
If one of the gauges were shorted out you would get this problem where the 5 amp fuse would blow only when waking up. If it was the fuel gauge that could send power to the fuel tank. Haven't see it myself but better to be safe when dealing with a mystery short.
Just unplugging the gauges might not eliminate all the wiring that may have a fault you can't see. Sparks in there are not good.
You could measure the resistance between 1 and 3 on the harness plug that goes up to the gages. If its shorted together, that points towards the gauges. Unplug the speedo first and check again. Then unplug the oil/fuel gauge if you still get a short. And if its still there after removing both, remove those pin's from the connector and plug it back in. See if the machine will run without those connected. If so, start looking along that harness for something weird.
What your troubleshooting is something down the line from the mpem that is only active when the mpem is awake. We know this because the other mpem does the same thing.
That 5A fuse has only two purposes.
1 protect the mpem
2 protect the things connected to the mpem.
Its only going to protect it if one of the outputs get shorted to ground or draw more than 5 amps.
In various mpem setups there are fuses added for specific purposes. In this case there are only a few things that need power since its not a complicated system. Therefore 5a is enough to do it all. If this mpem had a separate fuse for gauges and mpem that would have helped narrow it down a bit more.
The way I would test that mpem on the bench is by waking it up.
Power on 26
Ground on 17
Short together 21 and 23 for just a second (start stop switch pins)
Measure for power between 1 and 3 and expect it to stay there for 30 seconds before it shuts off.
Could also add a buzzer between 21 and 18 for to see if it beeps and wakes up properly.
Could short out 1 and 3 five times in a row times and see if it beeps the right code for advance diagnostic mode.
If you want to see how that mpem is wired internally, look at older model wiring diagrams with the 717. For example 97 GTS.