Sounds like the pole was bent when the rope was sucked up. Always keep the boat moving forward when there's a rop in the water, or engine off, and this won't happen.
I usually don't extend my pole fully, just enough so the rope clears, my driver forgot to keep the boat moving once sucked up the rope and no damage was done in this case. My driver is experienced but has been out of the game too long, forgot.
It's acceptable for the boat to continuously circle the skier until he's ready to go, this keeps the rope from being sucked into the jet pump.
You can use the stern eyes, and a harness with a rope through a float or noodle which may help keep the rope out of the pump if ideally arranged. I use my pole at "half mast", just barely raised enough to provide reliable rope clearance, my pole hasn't slipped back down yet, it seems to remain at the height I place it.
Any ropes left attached to the boats tie points can be kept short enough so they cannot fall overboard and be sucked into the jet pump or propellers.