your screw heads are shanked up pretty good in the first pic. i suppose as long as you can get them in and out you will be ok. like most of these carbs, yours also seem to have suffered a good deal of corrosion. my boat also sat for a long time and had this issue. i rebuilt mine 3 years ago following miki's DIY thread. even though i always put fuel stabilizer in my gas every time i fill up, i was starting to have problems again this season. i took the carbs apart again a couple weeks ago and i once again had a good deal of corrosion. my point is that over the course of time, it will come back and cause issues.
as to your pop off pressure, as mentioned, they should be the same for both. you have a large difference between yours. i don't know if you can bend anything enough to compensate. the only thing in there that is a little bit adjustable is the sheet metal tab that connects your spring to the needle. it really should be flat though when the needle is closed. at this point, i would suggest trying the springs that came with your kit.